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Africa in Crisis- The Merged Superthread

With the population seemingly unwilling or unable to comprehend what Ebola is and responding in the manner of the article below, I will expect Ebola to start consuming the shantytowns and megacities of Africa, as well as leaking out into other parts of the world. Cutting off air and sea access to the affected areas would be a good way of maintaining a firebreak, but no one is working on that to my knowledge right now:

http://www.buzzfeed.com/jinamoore/two-days-after-it-opens-mob-destroys-ebola-center-in-liberia#3myciat

Mob Destroys Ebola Center In Liberia Two Days After It Opens
Fear and denial of the deadly virus are pervasive in Liberia. The mob exponentially increased the risk in one of the country’s biggest Ebola hot spots.

posted on Aug. 16, 2014, at 5:43 p.m.
Jina Moore
BuzzFeed Staff

MONROVIA, Liberia — This morning Makasha Kroma shivered with fever. Her head still hurt; that hadn’t gone away. And she was vomiting a lot.
That’s why she’d ended up here, at a holding center where people suspected to have Ebola wait, in a dark classroom, for the results of their tests. These things — headache, fever, vomiting — are the early signs.

Ebola is transmitted through bodily fluids. It has no treatment, besides hydration, no cure, no proven vaccine. Since February, it’s ravaged West Africa, infecting more than 2,000 people in four countries and killing more than 1,100.

Kroma came to the West Point holding center with her sister, her three children, a cousin named Bindu, and two other family members. They are all women, or girls — most caregivers in Liberia are — and they washed Kroma’s clothes, fed her rice, wiped down her body, and cleaned up her vomit with a rag and some chlorine.

Those are the kinds of chores that give you Ebola. And the girls had no gloves. All the gloves the Ministry of Health brought this place when it opened yesterday, all 150 of them, were gone by the middle of the night.

That’s when three people escaped. Because Sam Tarplah and his staff didn’t have any gloves, they couldn’t restrain the patients who wanted to flee. They could only plead.

“We begged them, told them people are coming tomorrow to help you,” Tarplah said. “But there was no way we could fight them.”

Two escaped by climbing the back wall, according to health care workers in a clinic next door. Another, a woman with five children, simply took off, Tarplah said.

Tarplah is a registered nurse who’s worked in health care in Liberia since 1989; he opened this holding center for the Ministry of Health on Thursday, and had eight patients. On Friday, before the escape, he had 29.

West Point is becoming a hot spot in a hot spot in the biggest Ebola outbreak in history. It’s an informal community, a “slum,” with no running water or toilets. People can live seven or more to a single dwelling, and the density is dangerous: A positive Ebola patient disappearing into the maze of metal shacks can be a public health horror story.

Today, things got even worse.

A mob descended on the center at around 5:30 p.m., chanting, “No Ebola in West Point! No Ebola in West Point!” They stormed the front gate and pushed into the holding center. They stole the few gloves someone had donated this morning, and the chlorine sprayers used to disinfect the bodies of those who die here, all the while hollering that Ebola is a hoax.

They ransacked the protective suits, the goggles, the masks. They destroyed part of Tarplah’s car as he was fleeing the crowd.

Jemimah Kargbo, a health care worker at a clinic next door, said they took mattresses and bedding, utensils and plastic chairs.

“Everybody left with their own thing,” she said. “What are they carrying to their homes? They are carrying their deaths.”
She said the police showed up but the crowd intimidated them.

“The police were there but they couldn’t contain them. They started threatening the police, so the police just looked at them,” she said.
And then mob left with all of the patients.

“They said, ‘The president says you have Ebola, but you don’t have Ebola, you have malaria. Get up and go out!’” Kargbo said.
“What’s going to happen when they come to our clinic? In two to five days?” Kargbo asked, referencing the early period when newly infected patients begin to show their first symptoms. “We’re going to turn them around” and send them to a different hospital, she said.

Kargbo said the staff at the clinic have no protective gear. They were already afraid about treating possible Ebola patients, and the riot means more infections as escaped sick patients infect their families, and as looters sleep on mattresses where the Ebola-infected have died.

“We can’t let them turn around and come back and infect us,” Kargbo said. “I have four sons. I am a single mother. I’m not going to let that happen to my children. I’m not going to let anybody infect me, to die of the disease and leave my children.”

Tolbert Nyenswah, the assistant minister of health, told BuzzFeed on Thursday they intend to quarantine all of West Point, a serious measure that would require meticulous planning and heavy security.

Nyenswah could not be reached for comment on today’s riot or its effect on the quarantine plan.

Bindu, the 22-year-old who had been quarantined in the center while caring for her dying cousin, told BuzzFeed this morning that the family wouldn’t leave before Kroma got her results. They wanted to follow the rules and stay as safe as possible.

But that didn’t mean they wanted to be stuck in there — no cell phone, no electricity, no visitors, surrounded by strangers vomiting and collapsing and dying on the floor in front of them.

“We just want to go home,” she said through a window.
Now nobody knows where she, or the dying Kroma, has gone.
 
http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/nigeria-boko-haram-declares-sharia-law-beheads-christian-men-forces-women-into-islam-gwoza-1463185

Boko Haram has gone full sharia law, and is still beheading Christians. There getting stronger and extending there deadly reach beyond rural areas. Looks like there turning into an IS style extremist group. Hopefully they stay contained to Nigeria and aren't thinking of building the "caliphate" in Africa.
 
The US military doing its part to stop Ebola:

Military.com

US Sending 3,000 Troops to Africa to Battle Ebola

Sep 16, 2014 | by Richard Sisk
The U.S. military will send 3,000 troops to the heart of the Ebola outbreak in Liberia and devote air assets to delivering medical supplies and personnel as part of a stepped up effort to battle the epidemic that has claimed more than 2,100 lives in West Africa, the White House announced late Monday night.
U.S. Africa Command will coordinate the response that will be led by a general officer from U.S. Army Africa and will operate from a Joint Force Command to be set up in Monrovia, the Liberian capital. The general who will lead the effort was not named Monday night.

(...EDITED)
 
S.M.A. said:
The US military doing its part to stop Ebola:

Military.com


Good! Dr Chan (WHO's Director General) has been asking begging for urgent international support in the form of doctors, nurses, medical supplies and aid to the worst-affected countries. Australia, Britain, Canada, China, Denmark, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealnd, Norway and, and, and ... should also step up with similar offers. This, Ebola, is a war we can win and should fight ... leave Ukraine and the entire bloody Islamic Crescent to their sad, messy and bloody fates.
 
E.R. Campbell said:
Good! Dr Chan (WHO's Director General) has been asking begging for urgent international support in the form of doctors, nurses, medical supplies and aid to the worst-affected countries. Australia, Britain, Canada, China, Denmark, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealnd, Norway and, and, and ... should also step up with similar offers. This, Ebola, is a war we can win and should fight ... leave Ukraine and the entire bloody Islamic Crescent to their sad, messy and bloody fates.
And here's a summary what Canada's doing to help so far ....
.... To date, Canada's financial contribution totals $5,195,000 in support of humanitarian and security interventions that are addressing the spread of the Ebola virus in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone ....
 
An ominous warning:

http://www.wired.com/2014/09/r0-ebola/

Superbug
The Mathematics of Ebola Trigger Stark Warnings: Act Now or Regret It
BY MARYN MCKENNA  09.14.14  |  12:07 PM  |  PERMALINK

The Ebola epidemic in Africa has continued to expand since I last wrote about it, and as of a week ago, has accounted for more than 4,200 cases and 2,200 deaths in five countries: Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone. That is extraordinary: Since the virus was discovered, no Ebola outbreak’s toll has risen above several hundred cases. This now truly is a type of epidemic that the world has never seen before. In light of that, several articles were published recently that are very worth reading.

The most arresting is a piece published last week in the journal Eurosurveillance, which is the peer-reviewed publication of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (the EU’s Stockholm-based version of the US CDC). The piece is an attempt to assess mathematically how the epidemic is growing, by using case reports to determine the “reproductive number.” (Note for non-epidemiology geeks: The basic reproductive number — usually shorted to R0 or “R-nought” — expresses how many cases of disease are likely to be caused by any one infected person. An R0 of less than 1 means an outbreak will die out; an R0 of more than 1 means an outbreak can be expected to increase. If you saw the movie Contagion, this is what Kate Winslet stood up and wrote on a whiteboard early in the film.)

The Eurosurveillance paper, by two researchers from the University of Tokyo and Arizona State University, attempts to derive what the reproductive rate has been in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. (Note for actual epidemiology geeks: The calculation is for the effective reproductive number, pegged to a point in time, hence actually Rt.) They come up with an R of at least 1, and in some cases 2; that is, at certain points, sick persons have caused disease in two others.

You can see how that could quickly get out of hand, and in fact, that is what the researchers predict. Here is their stop-you-in-your-tracks assessment:

In a worst-case hypothetical scenario, should the outbreak continue with recent trends, the case burden could gain an additional 77,181 to 277,124 cases by the end of 2014.

That is a jaw-dropping number.

What should we do with information like this? At the end of last week, two public health experts published warnings that we need to act urgently in response.

First, Dr. Richard E. Besser: He is now the chief health editor of ABC News, but earlier was acting director of the US CDC, including during the 2009-10 pandemic of H1N1 flu; so, someone who understands what it takes to stand up a public-health response to an epidemic. In his piece in the Washington Post, “The world yawns as Ebola takes hold in West Africa,” he says bluntly: “I don’t think the world is getting the message.”

He goes on:

The level of response to the Ebola outbreak is totally inadequate. At the CDC, we learned that a military-style response during a major health crisis saves lives…

We need to establish large field hospitals staffed by Americans to treat the sick. We need to implement infection-control practices to save the lives of health-care providers. We need to staff burial teams to curb disease transmission at funerals. We need to implement systems to detect new flare-ups that can be quickly extinguished. A few thousand U.S. troops could provide the support that is so desperately needed.

Aid ought to be provided on humanitarian grounds alone, he argues — but if that isn’t adequate rationale, he adds that aid offered now could protect us in the West from the non-medical effects of Ebola’s continuing to spread: “Epidemics destabilize governments, and many governments in West Africa have a very short history of stability. U.S. aid would improve global security.”

Should we really be concerned about the global effect of this Ebola epidemic? In the New York Times, Dr. Michael T. Osterholm of the University of Minnesota* — an epidemiologist and federal advisor famous for inadvertently predicting the 2001 anthrax attacks — says yes, we should. In “What We’re Afraid to Say About Ebola,” he warns: “The Ebola epidemic in West Africa has the potential to alter history as much as any plague has ever done.”

He goes on:

There are two possible future chapters to this story that should keep us up at night.

The first possibility is that the Ebola virus spreads from West Africa to megacities in other regions of the developing world. This outbreak is very different from the 19 that have occurred in Africa over the past 40 years. It is much easier to control Ebola infections in isolated villages. But there has been a 300 percent increase in Africa’s population over the last four decades, much of it in large city slums…

The second possibility is one that virologists are loath to discuss openly but are definitely considering in private: that an Ebola virus could mutate to become transmissible through the air… viruses like Ebola are notoriously sloppy in replicating, meaning the virus entering one person may be genetically different from the virus entering the next. The current Ebola virus’s hyper-evolution is unprecedented; there has been more human-to-human transmission in the past four months than most likely occurred in the last 500 to 1,000 years. Each new infection represents trillions of throws of the genetic dice.

Like Besser, Osterholm says that the speed, size and organization of the response that is needed demands a governmental investment, but he looks beyond the US government alone:

We need someone to take over the position of “command and control.” The United Nations is the only international organization that can direct the immense amount of medical, public health and humanitarian aid that must come from many different countries and nongovernmental groups to smother this epidemic. Thus far it has played at best a collaborating role, and with everyone in charge, no one is in charge.

A Security Council resolution could give the United Nations total responsibility for controlling the outbreak, while respecting West African nations’ sovereignty as much as possible. The United Nations could, for instance, secure aircraft and landing rights…

The United Nations should provide whatever number of beds are needed; the World Health Organization has recommended 1,500, but we may need thousands more. It should also coordinate the recruitment and training around the world of medical and nursing staff, in particular by bringing in local residents who have survived Ebola, and are no longer at risk of infection. Many countries are pledging medical resources, but donations will not result in an effective treatment system if no single group is responsible for coordinating them.

I’ve spent enough time around public health people, in the US and in the field, to understand that they prefer to express themselves conservatively. So when they indulge in apocalyptic language, it is unusual, and notable.

When one of the most senior disease detectives in the US begins talking about “plague,” knowing how emotive that word can be, and another suggests calling out the military, it is time to start paying attention.

*Disclosure: From 2006 to 2010, I worked part-time at the disease news site, CIDRAP, that Osterholm founded. For that matter, I used to be in a book club with Besser, too.
 
Here is an example of US foreign policy that is working:

Byi_ZlSIQAAoyzl.jpg

US troops working, today, on the construction of a 25-bed Ebola clinic near Monrovia (Liberia) airport
Source: Geoffrey York (@geoffreyyork) Africa correspondent for The Globe and Mail


This is GREAT use of a hard power component (the Army) to make vital soft power gains.
 
The mathematics of disease outbreaks are not favourable:

http://nextbigfuture.com/2014/10/ebola-numbers-show-response-is.html

Ebola numbers show response is currently inadequate to achieve containment

Global health officials are looking closely at the Ebola Virus “reproduction number,” which estimates how many people, on average, will catch the virus from each person stricken with Ebola. The epidemic will begin to decline when that number falls below one. A recent analysis estimated the number at 1.5 to 2.

To bring the epidemic under control, officials should ensure that at least 70 percent of Ebola-victim burials are conducted safely, and that at least 70 percent of infected people are in treatment, within 60 days, he said

In 60 days there will be about 100,000 cases so there need to be about 70,000 beds. The 17 facilities being built by the US military will be able to handle 1700.

Sierra Leone desperately needs 750 doctors, 3,000 nurses, 1,500 hygienists, counselors and nutritionists.

The reproduction number, or "R nought," is a mathematical term that tells you how contagious an infectious disease is. Specifically, it's the number of people who catch the disease from one sick person, on average, in an outbreak.

Even modest gains in lowering that reproduction number could give health officials and the military a better chance of controlling the epidemic. “Maybe we can bring it from two to 1.2 or 1.3, which would indicate that the number of new cases will be dramatically reduced, and that will give you time,” he said.

As the number of infections increases, so does the possibility that a person with Ebola will carry it to another country. This is known as an export.

“So we had two exports in the first 2,000 patients,” Frieden said in a recent interview. “Now we’re going to have 20,000 cases, how many exports are we going to have?”

Conventional methods of containing Ebola — isolating patients and doing contact tracing of people who might be exposed — lower the rate of new infections until finally the epidemic burns itself out. That has been the case in all previous outbreaks of Ebola, although no outbreak has ever been nearly as extensive as this one.

More trained people are needed to enable effective isolation, contact tracing and containment.

Mobilization should target the numbers in 60 days. Assume 100,000-200,000 cases need to be contained and get ramped up for that number. The current identified cases are an underestimate because people do not show symptoms for 4-21 days. There is widespread under-reporting of new cases, and that the situation in Liberia, and in Monrovia in particular,
continues to deteriorate from week to week.

PLOS - Estimating the Reproduction Number of Ebola Virus (EBOV) During the 2014 Outbreak in West Africa

The 2014 Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak in West Africa is the largest outbreak of the genus Ebolavirus to date. To better understand the spread of infection in the affected countries, it is crucial to know the number of secondary cases generated by an infected index case in the absence and presence of control measures, i.e., the basic and effective reproduction number. In this study, I describe the EBOV epidemic using an SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model and fit the model to the most recent reported data of infected cases and deaths in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. The maximum likelihood estimates of the basic reproduction number are 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50-1.52) for Guinea, 2.53 (95% CI: 2.41-2.67) for Sierra Leone and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.57-1.60) for Liberia. The model indicates that in Guinea and Sierra Leone the effective reproduction number might have dropped to around unity by the end of May and July 2014, respectively. In Liberia, however, the model estimates no decline in the effective reproduction number by end-August 2014. This suggests that control efforts in Liberia need to be improved substantially in order to stop the current outbreak.
 
As if some of their current activities (e.g. Chinese troops in Sudan, Chinese companies bringing their own legions of rural Chinese migrant workers to various African nations) on the continent couldn't be seen as a form of colonialism.

Reuters

China will not take path of 'Western colonists' in Africa: foreign minister
Mon Jan 12, 2015 12:18am EST

BEIJING (Reuters) - China will not follow the path of "Western colonists" in Africa, its foreign minister said during a five-nation tour of the continent, parrying criticism that his country's hunger for resources has led to one-sided policies and damaging projects.

China is Africa's biggest trade partner, and has sought to tap the region's rich resources to fuel its own economic growth over the past two decades.

But Beijing's involvement has been called "neo-colonial" by some African leaders, who fear projects bring little benefit to local people, with materials and even labor being imported from China.

"We absolutely will not take the old path of Western colonists, and we absolutely will not sacrifice Africa's ecological environment and long-term interests,"
Foreign Minister Wang Yi told Chinese Central Television while in Kenya.

His comments were published on the ministry's website late on Sunday.

Beijing has previously said its cooperation with African nations covers farm, health and infrastructure-related projects.

(...SNIPPED)
 
Everyone believes that their motives and actions are "pure," in colonialism.

There are reputable scholars, e.g. Niall Ferguson who will argue that British Imperialism was, actually, good for the "lesser breeds without that law," and others, like Victor Davis Hanson who will argue that there is no American imperialism because there are no (more) "proconsuls" and "governors general" out in the colonies.

The Chinese tend to see themselves the way Hanson sees America ... friendly helpers in a big, bad, dangerous world with no ulterior motives at all.  ::)


Edit: typo
 
More specifically, VDH acknowledges that America is a "commercial empire", and that Americans would rather be CEO's rather than CBE's.

I personally see America as following more in the path of the Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta, where the flag essentially follows trade (rather than the usual formulation of trade following the flag), but like the Serene Republic America has become rather overstretched by following interests both on Terra firma as well as the more traditional focus on Sea power to maintain trade links. (This is arguably the true reason for the long term decline of Venice as well; starting to become deeply involved on the Italian mainland and fighting wars with traditional powers like Milan and Florence as well as trying to maintain her trade empire in the Aegean and Mediterranean agains the Ottoman Empire).

So long as America is persuing American interests in maintaining freedom of the seas and free trade, then the idea of an American Empire is askew.
 
I would have agreed with you until about 1960, Thucydides, and America might have changed course then, but, 25 years later, by 1985 (after the Grenada fiasco invasion) it seemed pretty clear that America was more like 19th century France and Germany, plundering the "leftovers." A further 25 years on, by 2010, the die was cast ... America is, now, the very face (a hated face) of modern, 21st century imperialism.
 
http://nypost.com/2015/02/07/niger-reports-109-boko-haram-fighters-killed-in-attacks/

NIAMEY, Niger — A total of 109 Boko Haram fighters were killed by soldiers responding to attacks on two towns in Niger near the border with Nigeria on Friday, Niger’s defense minister said.

In a statement read out on state television late Friday, Mahamadou Karijo said four soldiers were killed and 17 wounded in fighting in the towns of Bosso and Diffa. He said two soldiers were missing and a civilian was also killed.

“Calm has returned to the two localities and the situation is under control,” Karijo said.

Chadian troops supported Niger’s soldiers in Bosso, and Boko Haram suffered “heavy casualties” in Diffa, he said. It was not possible to verify the figures he provided.

Boko Haram has openly threatened to attack other countries taking part in the military effort against their insurgency, which is blamed for 10,000 deaths over the past year. Niger has joined Cameroon, Chad and Benin in pledging to send troops to fight the extremists, who have waged a five-year rebellion against the Nigerian government.

Niger is already home to tens of thousands of refugees who have fled the terror group’s attacks in Nigeria.
 
http://www.christiantoday.com/article/boko.haram.attacks.repulsed.as.fighting.spreads.to.niger/47615.htm


Boko Haram attacks repulsed as fighting spreads to Niger

Niger's forces killed 109 fighters from the Islamist militant group Boko Haram on Friday as they repulsed attacks on Bosso and Diffa, two southeastern towns near the Nigerian border, Niger state television said.

Four Niger soldiers were killed, 13 were wounded and two are missing after the fighting in Bosso against Boko Haram, whose five-year insurgency is spreading from Nigeria to neighbouring states. Four Niger soldiers were wounded in Diffa.

"At around 9 am elements of the Boko Haram terrorist group launched two simultaneous attacks at Bosso and Diffa. At Bosso, Niger's defence forces helped by Chadian troops neutralised the assailants," said the statement by Defence Minister Karidio Mahamadou on state television.

Chad deployed war planes to repulse the attack, military officials in Niger said earlier.

There was no independent confirmation of the numbers killed.

General Yaya Doud, commander of Chadian forces deployed north of Lake Chad, was shot in the stomach in Bosso, a Chadian security source said. He has been evacuated to hospital in N'Djamena for treatment.

"The Boko Haram attack from Malam Fatori (in Nigeria) against the town of Bosso and the bridge at Doutchi in the Diffa region has been repulsed. We have Chadian planes bombarding the locality," said a Niger military source.

Boko Haram has seized territory in northeastern Nigeria as part of a five-year insurgency for an Islamist state. Around 10,000 people were killed last year and the militants increasingly stage cross border attacks.

The insurgency is the worst threat to Nigeria's security as the nation, Africa's top oil producer and biggest economy, heads to a presidential election on February 14.

The militants are also increasingly threatening neighbouring Chad, Niger and Cameroon, prompting regional leaders to come up with a joint plan to defeat them.

Chad has deployed some 2,500 soldiers to neighbouring Cameroon and Niger as part of this effort. Niger's parliament is due to vote on Monday on a proposal by the government to send its troops into Nigeria to fight Boko Haram.
 
And the siege is over after a horrendous toll on life:

Reuters

Al Shabaab kills at least 147 at Kenyan university; siege ends

By Edith Honan

GARISSA, Kenya (Reuters) - Gunmen from the Islamist militant group al Shabaab stormed a university in Kenya and killed at least 147 people on Thursday, in the worst attack on Kenyan soil since the U.S. embassy was bombed in 1998.

The siege ended nearly 15 hours after the Somali group's gunmen shot their way into the Garissa University College campus in a pre-dawn attack, sparing Muslim students and taking many Christians hostage.

(...SNIPPED)
 
And in Mali ....
French special forces on Monday freed a Dutchman held hostage since being kidnapped in 2011 by extremists in Mali, the military said. There was no immediate word on the fate of two men abducted at the same time.

The military said the rescue of Sjaak Rijke took place at 5 a.m. Monday in far northern Mali, and that several militants were captured. Monday's statement did not identify who was holding Rijke, but the Dutchman appeared in a video posted in November by al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb.

Some 3,000 French forces are taking part in the mission to stabilize Mali, which was overrun by al-Qaida-linked Islamic extremists until French troops came to the aid of Malian soldiers in January 2013.

Rijke was abducted by extremists in November 2011 from a hostel in Timbuktu along with Swede Johan Gustafsson and South African Stephen Malcolm, who holds dual British citizenship. A German died in the attack. Officials in France and the Netherlands did not say whether there was (any) news of Gustafsson or Malcolm.

France said Rijke was safely evacuated to a French operating base in Tassalit ....
 
China's interests in Africa highlighted again:

Defense News

Djibouti President: China Negotiating Horn of Africa Military Base

DJIBOUTI — China is negotiating a military base in the strategic port of Djibouti, the president told AFP, raising the prospect of US and Chinese bases side-by-side in the tiny Horn of Africa nation.

"Discussions are ongoing," President Ismail Omar Guelleh told AFP in an interview in Djibouti, saying Beijing's presence would be "welcome."

Djibouti is already home to Camp Lemonnier, the US military headquarters on the continent, used for covert, anti-terror and other operations in Yemen, Somalia and elsewhere across Africa.

(...SNIPPED)
 
S.M.A. said:
China's interests in Africa highlighted again:

Defense News


It makes good sense as part of the so-called string of pearls that links Quandong province's seaports (and the domestic road/rail network) to Africa's East coast ports.

China-Maritime-Strategy.jpg


Note, too, please that the Kra Canal idea may also be part of this "project."


 
Busted!
Ali Omar Ader, a Somali national alleged to have been part of the 2008 kidnapping of Canadian freelance journalist Amanda Lindhout and her Australian colleague, was arrested in Ottawa by RCMP, police said today.

(....)

Ader was arrested on June 11 by the RCMP's Integrated National Security Enforcement Team (INSET.)
Amanda Lindhout

The RCMP allege he was the "main negotiator" in the hostage-taking of Lindhout and Nigel Brennan.

Ader, 37, has been charged with Sec. 279.1(2) under the Criminal Code, and is in custody in Ottawa. He will make a court appearance by videoconference sometime after 11:30 a.m. ET.

An indictable offence for kidnapping and forcible confinement under this section carries a maximum sentence of ten years.

Lindhout and Brennan were held near Mogadishu on Aug. 23, 2008. The RCMP said Friday it began a criminal investigation named Project Slype at that time.

Lindhout was released on Nov. 25, 2009, after more than a year in captivity. She has written and spoken extensively about the abuse she endured during that time.

The RCMP investigation located Ader in Somalia. Undercover operations, surveillance and wiretaps followed.
Ali Omar Ader

The RCMP did not disclose how or why Ader was in Ottawa. He was not living in Canada at the time of his arrest, but had been in the Canadian capital for a few days, RCMP said ....
The wheels grind slowly, but they grind exceedingly small ....
 
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